Color spaces play a critical role in digital imaging and video production, allowing consistent color representation across various devices. This blog post aims to shed light on three significant color spaces used in the film and broadcasting industry: Rec. 709, Rec. 2020, and Rec. 2100. We’ll examine what each color space represents and how they...
What is transfer functions?
Transfer FunctionsImages and videos use specific transfer functions to describe the relationship between electrical signal, scene light and displayed light.
DefinitionThe opto-electronic transfer function (OETF) is the transfer function having the scene light as input and converting into the picture or video signal as output. This is typical...
What is PQ?
Perceptual QuantizerThe perceptual quantizer (PQ), published by SMPTE as SMPTE ST 2084, is a transfer function that allows for HDR display by replacing the gamma curve used in SDR.It is capable of representing luminance level up to 10000 cd/m2 (nits) and down to 0.0001 nits.It was developed by Dolby and standardized in 2014 by SMPTE and als...
what is the Rec.2100?
Rec. 2100ITU-R Recommendation BT.2100, more commonly known by the abbreviations Rec. 2100 or BT.2100, introduced high-dynamic-range television (HDR-TV) by recommending the use of the perceptual quantizer (PQ [SMPTE ST 2084]) or hybrid log–gamma (HLG) transfer functions instead of the traditional “gamma” previously used for SDR-TV.
It defines var...
What is HLG?
Hybrid log–gammaThe hybrid log–gamma (HLG) transfer function is a transfer function jointly developed by the BBC and NHK for high dynamic range (HDR) display. It’s backward compatible with the transfer function of SDR (the gamma curve). It was approved as ARIB STD-B67 by the Association of Radio Industries and Businesses (ARIB). It is also defin...
What is DCI-P3?
DCI-P3-Development of the standard
In 2005, Digital Cinema Initiatives, LCC in Hollywood, California released the Digital Cinema System Specification version 1.0, which defined the colorimetry of what would become known as the DCI-P3 color space.
According to section 8.3.4 in the specification, the blue primary color is the same as Rec. 709, ...
What is the NAL unit of HEVC codec?
What is the NAL unit of HEVC?HEVC (High Efficiency Video Coding) NAL (Network Abstraction Layer) units are fundamental building blocks used in the HEVC video compression standard. HEVC, also known as H.265, is a video compression standard that provides significant improvements in video quality and compression efficiency compared to its predecess...